10 Things I Learned: Do the Right Thing
1.
Spike Lee was inspired to write Do the Right Thing by what is now known as the Howard Beach incident. On December 20, 1986, a mob of twelve angry white men chased down and beat three black men who had just left a pizzeria in the predominantly Italian-American community. During the pursuit, the mob forced one of their victims, Michael Griffith, to run onto the Belt Parkway, where he was hit by a car and killed. In the behind-the-scenes footage of Do the Right Thing on this edition, Lee recalls the protest led by Reverend Al Sharpton and the call for all African-Americans to boycott white-owned pizzerias, an act that inspired the scene in which Buggin Out instigates a boycott of Sal’s.
2.
Lee had originally envisioned Robert De Niro for the role of Sal, which ended up going to Danny Aiello. Lee and De Niro had met the night after the Howard Beach incident. They discussed racism and how the animosity between black and Italian communities had escalated. Lee liked the idea of what it would mean for Italian-Americans to see the iconic De Niro in a role that was sympathetic to black people. In the end, De Niro turned it down, feeling that he’d performed roles like Sal and didn’t want to repeat them.
4.
Ruth E. Carter, the costume designer on Do the Right Thing and several other Spike Lee films, said that when it came to the wardrobe for Sal’s son, Pino, John Turturro “was very much involved in choosing it.” The actor told Carter that he wanted to have an experience with his mom and go shopping with her for his character. To add to Pino’s story, he came up with the idea of having the character arrive at the pizzeria in a decidedly Italian-American-style outfit of black shirt and black pants, a costume choice that contrasts with what he wears while making pizzas and indicates his outsider status in the neighborhood.
5.
Roger Guenveur Smith was not initially cast in the film, but every day during production he’d ask Lee to find a place for him in the story. Lee told him to come up with some ideas and he’d try to work him into the film, so Guenveur Smith created the character of Smiley, a young man with a stutter who sells pictures of Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X. According to Lee, it was the actor’s idea to put a photo of the two civil rights heroes on the wall at Sal’s in the scene where the pizzeria burns.
7.
“Fight the Power” was not the first song Public Enemy submitted as the anthem for Do the Right Thing. Spike Lee wanted a riff on the gospel classic “Lift Every Voice and Sing.” The group sent in a song that Lee ended up rejecting. Then they came up with “Fight the Power,” which shares its title with an Isley Brothers hit. Though that tune was written in 1975, Public Enemy front man Chuck D says its lyrics, including the phrase “All the bullshit going down,” inspired their own song.
8.
On July 17, 2014, in Staten Island, Eric Garner was killed by a policeman who used a chokehold to subdue him. After news of the incident spread, Lee posted a video in which he intercut Radio Raheem’s death in Do the Right Thing with Garner’s. The use of the chokehold in the film’s climax had actually been inspired by another case of police brutality, in which Brooklyn resident and graffiti artist Michael Stewart was killed by cops in 1983. In the scene where Raheem is murdered, you can hear someone in the crowd saying, “They did it again. Just like Michael Stewart.”
10.
The word fuck can be heard in various forms throughout the film a total of 255 times—apparently the highest number of fucks in any movie from the 1980s.
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